1.14 Plurals

How to make Kyrgyz Plurals:  Plurals are formed using the following endings: 

 

Vowel Group	А	Е	О	Ө
After vowels, Р, and И	-лар	-лер	-лор	-лөр
After Voiced Consonants	-дар	-дер	-дор	-дөр
After Unvoiced Consonants	-тар	-тер	-тор	-төр

 

 

Sample Words:

 

Vowel Group	А	Е	О	Ө
After vowels, Р, and И	Шаарлар-Cities Суулар-Waters	Терезелер--Windows	Тоолор-Mountains	Өлкөлөр-Nations
After Voiced Consonants	Кыздар-Girls Адамдар-People	Мугалимдер-Teachers	Колдор-Arms/Hands	Көлдөр-Lakes
After Unvoiced Consonants	Калпактар-Hats	Мектептер--Schools	Коноктор-Guests	Көйнөктөр-Dresses/Shirts

Kyrgyz Quiz Playlist

I've created a playlist of all of my Kyrgyz vocabulary quizzes:

https://www.sporcle.com/playlists/Gurgispeak/kyrgyz-language-quizzes

In order to take these quizzes, you'll have to set up the Kyrgyz keyboard for your computer. This is easy to do through your regional and language settings in Control Panel (on a windows machine) The Kyrgyz layout is exactly the same as the Russian one, except with the added letters ө, ү, and ң being added using right ALT + the russian letter they are most like: о, у and н) When I first started learning to type in Russian I markered up my keyboard, after a while, I taped a small piece of paper with the Russian QWERTY layout on it to the side of my keyboard. That was more effective, as the marker wore off, but now I can type in Russian (or Kyrgyz) without looking. 

2.2 Numbers Recognition Quiz

Learning the Kyrgyz numbers? Need a refresher or you'd like to test your passive knowledge? This test tests your ability to recognize Kyrgyz numbers 1 to 1000. :)

1.13 Verb Negation.

To negate any verb, we add the following suffix to the verb stem immediately after the stem and before the subject ending.  As before, all suffixes first depend on the last vowel of the stem:

а, ы, я (у + ю w' consonant)

е, и, э

о, ё, (у + ю w'out consonant)

ө,ү

Negative infix:

ба / па

бе / пе

бо/ по

бө / пө

The first endings are for voiced consonants.  In this case, stems ending in voiced consonants (or vowels) will take б.  Stems ending in voiceless consonants will take п.  Then you have to look at the last vowel and decide whether the next letter is а, е, о, or ө.

Then you have to finish the verb conjugation as before.

For example...

Бил ends in a voiced consonant.  So it will take Б.  И, the last vowel of the stem, is in the second group, so it will take е, бе.   So to say "I don't know,"  we say Мен билбейм.

Бил (stem) + бе (negation) + йм (first person singular verb ending).

Let's try it with the rest of our 8 verbs.

Жаз -- to write    Мен жазбайм.     I don't write. 

Жаша -- to live   Сен Бишкекте жашабайсың.    You don't live in Bishkek. 

Бил -- to know   Сиз билбесиз.   You (sir) don't know.

Иште -- to work   Ал иштебейт.  He doesn't work.

Бол -- to be   Биз болбойбуз.   We are not.  (not sure if that one makes sense)

Оку -- to read/study     Силер окубойсуңар.  You don't study.

Сүй -- to love     Сиздер мени сүйбүсүздөр.    You (ladies and gentlemen) do not love me.

Төлө -- to pay   Алар төлөбөшөт.            They don't pay.

 
Oops!  Looks like all of our endings were vowels or voiced consonants.  An example of a voiceless ending is the verb ич, to drink.  

For example:  Мен ичпейм.     (I don't drink.)

1.12 Voiced vs. Voiceless Consonants

Kyrgyz differentiates between voiced and voiceless consonants.  The following should be memorized:


Voiced Consonants: б, в, г, д, ж, з, л, м, н, р, й
Voiceless Consonants:  к, п, с, т, ф, х, ц, ч, ш, щ

1.11 Kyrgyz Verb Conjugations (Plural Subjects)

Of course, we also have the conjugations for we, you (inf), you (formal), and they.  Thus, the complete verb chart for present tense verbs looks like this

Don't be confused.  Й is the basic ending for all words ending in vowels, the conjugation (1st, 2nd, 3rd person) then will reflect the vowel before Й:

Kyrgyz Verbs

	а, ы, я (у + ю when followed by a consonant)	е, и, э	о, ё, (у + ю when not followed by a consonant)	ө,ү
Мен	Consonant >> а +м Vowel >> й + м	(е,й) + м	(о,й) + м	(ө,й) + м
Сен	(а, й) + сың	(е,й) + сиң	(о,й) + суң	(ө,й) + сүң
Сиз	(а, й) + сыз	(е,й) + сиз	(о,й) + суз	(ө,й) + сүз
Ал	(а, й) + т	(е,й) + т	(о,й) + т	(ө,й) + т
Биз	(а, й) + быз	(е,й) + биз	(о,й) + буз	(ө,й) + бүз
Силер	(а, й) + сыңар	(е,й) + сиңер	(о,й) + суңар	(ө,й) + сүңөр
Сиздер	(а, й) + сыздар	(е,й) + сиздер	(о,й) + суздар	(ө,й) + сүздөр
Алар	ы+шат	и+шет	у+шат	ү+шөт